EdinburghThe Castle
The Castle has such a commanding position on the ridge where the Old Town grew up that it is not surprising the Castle had such a long history of assaults and counter-assaults, both between the Scots and the English and between the Scottish kings and their ambitious nobles. The Castle is still an active military establishment and houses a number of military museums including the Scottish United Services Museum and is home to the Scottish National War Memorial and the world-famous One OClock gun. The shell fired on Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mothers 100th birthday in 2002 has been engraved to commemorate the occasion and is on display. The engraving was carried out by Stirling firm D Signs. The ancient Honours of Scotland the Crown, the Sceptre and the Sword of State are on view in the Crown Room. Today the Castle is a rich architectural mixture of palace, fortress, barracks, chapel and war memorial. Attractions include the giant medieval siege gun Mons Meg and the room where Mary Queen of Scots gave birth to James VI and I. A free CD-based tour with over four hours of fascinating information about the castle is available in six languages. The Castle Esplanade is the venue of the world-famous Edinburgh Military Tattoo, the annual occasion on which, over a period of three weeks in August, the Army presents a lively programme of music, marching and historical re-enactments under floodlights before large and appreciative audiences. No one is sure who first used the castle rock as a settlement, but it was long before the Romans came sailing up the Forth and landing at Cramond. The oldest building in all Edinburgh is to be found within the Castle precincts. It is St. Margarets Chapel, a tiny Norman building which has been standing there intact for more than 900 years. It has survived all the sieges and bombardments to which the fortress on the rock was subjected during that period. On several occasions the castle was razed but the demolishers invariably spared the chapel of the good St Margaret because of its religious significance. The Castle is managed by Historic Scotland and is open to the public. |