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Technical Data:-

Diameter 51800 km
Average Distance from Sun 2,871 million km
Size compared to Earth (Diameter) 4x
Gravity compared to Earth

0.79

Surface temperature -210°C
Length of Day 17 hours 14 mins(Retrograde)
Length of Year 84.01 Earth years
Eccentricity of Orbit 0.046
Moons 21
Density

1.30gm/cm3

Atmosphere Hydrogen - 85%
Helium - 12%
Methane - 3%


 

When Uranus was origianlly discovered by the English astronomer Sir William Herschel, it was to be called Georgius Sidius, after King George III.  Unsuprisingly though, this wasn't a very popular choice and in the end it was named Uranus after the first sky god of Greek mythology.

At half the size of Saturn, Uranus is quite a big planet but it is so far away that from Earth you can't see it with the naked eye and through a telescope you can just see a tiny, blurred green blob.  The reason it's green is because the Methane gas in the atmosphere absorbs red light, so all we see is the blue-green light which rebounds off it.  Another strange thing about Uranus is the way it spins.   It is tilted at such an angle that in summer the polar regions tend to get more sun than the equator!  Suprisingly for such radical season changes though is the fact that the temperature in Uranus stays pretty constant, at -216oC to -220oC.   As well as all that, Uranus is the only planet other than Venus to spin in a clockwise direction.

Unknown until 1977, Uranus has actually got rings, a bit like Saturn (though obviously to a lesser degree).  These were observed on 10th March 1977 when astronomers noticed a star they were observing blinked while it was next to Uranus.   The planet has 15 moons, 9 of which were discovered by the Voyager 2 space probe.   Many are named after characters in Shakespeare plays: Cordelia, Ophelia, Bianca, Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Belinda, Puck, Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania and Oberon.

Sir Wiliam Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781 and in 1781 he also discovered it's moons Titania and Oberon.  Later stronomers then discovered other moons and in 1977 Saturn was found to have rings.  The last probe to visit Uranus, the Voyager 2, discoverd another 10 moons, found the length of the Uranian day and detected it's magnetic period.



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